Sortan[] sorts, by default, the alpha-numerical value of the TITLE of the input tiddlers. Since you don’t provide a field name, they are sorted by title, alpha-numerically.
So the first question is, what did you want sortan to do ?
This seems to do what you ask for, as I understand it. Notice in the example below that I’ve put the published date in the title so you can see what’s happening. Tiddlers with publication dates get sorted by inverse publication dates. Tiddlers without publication dates get sorted after that by title.
This depends on you following a strict format for the publication date (i.e. month, day are zero-padded).